One-Person Company Registration
One Person Company (OPC) registration offers solo entrepreneurs a corporate identity with limited liability, easy compliance, and benefits of a private limited structure in India.
Overview
One Person Company (OPC) in India
A One Person Company (OPC) is a type of business entity in India introduced under the Companies Act, 2013. It allows a single individual to own and manage a company with limited liability, providing the benefits of a private limited company without requiring a second partner. OPC is ideal for solo entrepreneurs, professionals, and small business owners who wish to operate in a structured legal form.
In an OPC, the sole owner acts as both shareholder and director, though a nominee must be appointed in case of the owner’s death or incapacity. The company enjoys separate legal identity, limited liability, and easier access to credit and legal protection.
OPCs have simpler compliance requirements compared to other company structures. They are not required to hold annual general meetings, and financial statements need less complex auditing if turnover and capital remain within prescribed limits.
However, OPCs cannot carry out Non-Banking Financial Investment activities or convert voluntarily into a private company until two years have passed or turnover exceeds ₹2 crore. Overall, OPCs offer a smart way for individuals to formalize their business while retaining full control, ensuring professional credibility, and enjoying the benefits of incorporation with minimal complexity.
Eligibility
In India, any individual who is a resident (living in India for at least 120 days during the financial year) and Indian citizen is eligible to register a One Person Company (OPC). The person must be at least 18 years old and can act as both the director and shareholder. A person can register only one OPC in their name and cannot be a nominee of another OPC. Foreign citizens, Non-Resident Indians (NRIs), and minors are not eligible. OPC is ideal for solo entrepreneurs looking to start a business with limited liability and separate legal identity under the Companies Act, 2013.
Documents required for One Person Company (OPC) registration in India:
1. Identity Proof of the Director & Nominee:
PAN Card (mandatory for Indian nationals)
Passport (for foreign nationals)
2. Address Proof of the Director & Nominee:
(Any one of the following – not older than 2 months)
Aadhaar Card
Voter ID
Passport
Driving License
Utility Bill (Electricity, Gas, Water) or Bank Statement
3. Passport-sized Photograph:
Recent color photo in JPEG format
4. Proof of Registered Office Address:
(For the business address of the company)
Rent Agreement (if rented property)
NOC (No Objection Certificate) from owner
Latest Utility Bill (electricity/gas/water) – not older than 2 months
5. Nominee Consent Form:
Form INC-3 (with nominee’s signature and identity/address proof)
6. Digital Signature Certificate (DSC):
Required for filing incorporation documents online
7. Director Identification Number (DIN):
Apply along with incorporation using SPICe+ form if not already allotted
8. Memorandum & Articles of Association (MoA & AoA):
Drafted electronically via SPICe+ (Part B) during registration
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