Private Limited Company Registration
Private Limited Company registration is a legal process in India to form a business entity with limited liability, separate legal identity, and shareholder protections.
Overview
A Private Limited Company (Pvt Ltd) is one of the most popular types of business structures in India, especially among startups and small to medium-sized enterprises. It is governed by the Companies Act, 2013 and regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). A Private Limited Company is a separate legal entity, which means it can own assets, incur debts, and sue or be sued in its own name.
To register a Private Limited Company in India, a minimum of two directors and two shareholders are required. The maximum number of shareholders is limited to 200. One of the directors must be an Indian resident. Shareholders’ liability is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares, offering protection to personal assets.
Key features of a Private Limited Company include limited liability, separate legal identity, perpetual succession, and restrictions on the transfer of shares, which ensures more control within the company. It also enjoys better credibility among investors, banks, and vendors compared to other unregistered entities.
Incorporating a Private Limited Company is now a streamlined online process through the MCA portal, making it easier and faster to start a business in India. This structure is ideal for businesses aiming for growth, investment, and long-term sustainability.
Eligibility
In India, any two or more individuals can register a Private Limited Company. The minimum number of directors required is two, and at least one must be an Indian resident. The shareholders can be individuals or corporate entities, with a minimum of two and a maximum of 200. Foreign nationals or NRIs can also become directors or shareholders, subject to compliance with FEMA guidelines. The proposed directors must have a Director Identification Number (DIN) and Digital Signature Certificate (DSC). The company must have a registered office address in India. There is no minimum capital requirement, but it should be sufficient for business needs.
To register a Private Limited Company in India, the following documents are required:
📑 Documents Required from Directors & Shareholders
(Each director/shareholder must provide these)
PAN Card – Mandatory for Indian nationals.
Identity Proof – Any one of the following:
Aadhaar Card
Voter ID
Driving License
Passport
Address Proof – Any one of the following (not older than 2 months):
Bank Statement
Electricity Bill
Telephone/Mobile Bill
Passport-size Photograph – Recent color photo.
Passport (for Foreign Nationals) – Mandatory for foreign directors/shareholders.
🏢 Documents for Registered Office Address
Electricity Bill / Gas Bill / Water Bill / Property Tax Receipt – Not older than 2 months.
NOC (No Objection Certificate) – From the owner of the premises.
Rent Agreement / Sale Deed / Lease Deed – Depending on whether the property is rented or owned.
🗂️ Other Documents
Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) – Required for all proposed directors.
Director Identification Number (DIN) – Applied with SPICe+ form or separately.
Memorandum of Association (MoA) – Describes the company’s objectives.
Articles of Association (AoA) – Defines rules and regulations of the company.
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