Public Limited Company Registration

Public Limited Company registration in India requires a minimum of seven shareholders and directors, allowing the company to raise capital from the public by issuing shares. It ensures limited liability, greater transparency, and adherence to the Companies Act, 2013, making it suitable for large-scale businesses aiming for expansion and investor confidence.

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    Overview

    Public Limited Company in India .

    A Public Limited Company (PLC) in India is a type of business entity that can offer its shares to the general public through stock exchanges. It is governed by the Companies Act, 2013, and must have a minimum of seven shareholders and three directors. Unlike private companies, a PLC can raise capital from the public, which helps in large-scale expansion and business growth.

    To register a public limited company, it must comply with legal requirements such as obtaining a Director Identification Number (DIN), Digital Signature Certificate (DSC), and approval for its name from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). After incorporation, it needs to follow strict regulatory and compliance procedures, including regular financial disclosures, audits, board meetings, and filings with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) and Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), if listed.

    A PLC enjoys advantages like better access to capital, improved credibility, and easier share transferability. However, it also faces disadvantages such as heavy compliance, loss of control, and public scrutiny. Well-known examples in India include Reliance Industries, Tata Motors, and Infosys. A PLC is suitable for businesses looking to scale and attract public investment, but it requires robust governance and transparency.

    Eligibility

    In India, any group of seven or more individuals is eligible to register a Public Limited Company under the Companies Act, 2013. At least three directors and seven shareholders are required, with no maximum limit on shareholders. One director must be an Indian resident. Both individuals and corporate entities (Indian or foreign) can become shareholders or directors. A Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) and Director Identification Number (DIN) are mandatory. The company must have a unique name, a registered office address, and comply with minimum paid-up capital requirements (as per latest rules). Compliance with SEBI regulations is essential if the company plans to raise capital from the public.

    To register a Public Limited Company in India, you need to submit several key documents to the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). Below is a list of the essential documents required:

    🔹 1. Identity & Address Proof of Directors and Shareholders:

    • PAN Card (Mandatory for Indian nationals)

    • Passport (For foreign nationals)

    • Aadhar Card, Voter ID, or Driving License

    • Residential Address Proof (Utility Bill/Bank Statement – not older than 2 months)

    🔹 2. Registered Office Address Proof:

    • Electricity Bill, Water Bill, or Property Tax Receipt (not older than 2 months)

    • NOC (No Objection Certificate) from the property owner

    • Rent Agreement (if office is rented)

    🔹 3. Documents for Company Incorporation:

    • Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) of all directors

    • Director Identification Number (DIN) of all directors

    • Memorandum of Association (MoA) – outlines company objectives

    • Articles of Association (AoA) – defines rules & internal management

    • Declaration by directors and subscribers in Form INC-9

    • Affidavit of non-acceptance of deposits (if applicable)

    🔹 4. Additional Requirements:

    • List of proposed Directors and Shareholders

    • Self-attested Passport size photographs of directors

    • Minimum 7 shareholders and 3 directors (at least one director must be an Indian resident)

    • Minimum Paid-up Capital: ₹5 Lakhs (no minimum prescribed now, but advised for credibility)

    ✅ Important Forms:

    • SPICe+ Form (Part A for name reservation, Part B for incorporation)

    • AGILE-PRO for GST, ESIC, EPFO registration, bank account, etc.

    • INC-33 (MoA) and INC-34 (AoA) in e-format

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